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Information about Eritrea
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Country
Eritrea
Eritrea officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Its size is just under 118,000 km2 (45,560 sq mi) with an estimated population of ...5 million. The capital is Asmara.
English is used in the government's international communication and is the language of instruction in all formal education beyond the fifth grade. Eritrea is a single-party state - while its constitution, adopted in 1997, stipulates that the state is a presidential republic with a unicameral parliamentary democracy, it has yet to be implemented. According to the government, this is due to the prevailing border conflict with Ethiopia which began in May 1998. |
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Capital
Asmara
Asmara is the capital city and largest settlement in Eritrea, home to a population of around 579,000 people. At an elevation of 2,400 meters (7 874 ft), Asmara is on the edge of an escarpment that is both the northwestern edge of the Great Rift Valley and of the Eritrean highlands. Textiles and clothing, processed meat, beer, shoes, and ceramics are the major industrial products. Asmara started with four villages, to being a regional center under Emperor Yohannes IV of Ethiopia, to "Little Rome" of Benito Mussolini's unsuccessful second Roman Empire, to being a provincial capital under Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia and lastly a national capital of Eritrea.
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Biggest cities
Keren
Keren (formerly Cheren) is the second largest city in Eritrea, lying north west of Asmara. It is the capital of the Anseba province and home of the Bilen tribe. As of 2005, the population of this city has been estimated to be 86,483.The city is integrated with different types of tribes, Bilen and Tigre are the dominant. It has two high schools, St. Josephs and Keren Secondary School. Its climate is semi-desert hot during summer and cold during winter. It is one of the fastest growing cities in the country.
The city grew around an Eritrean Railway to Asmara, now dismantled (although there are plans to rebuild it). It is an important commercial centre and was the scene of regular battles in both World War II and the Eritrean War of Independence. Keren was the site of a key battle between Italian and British troops in 1941.
Attractions in the city include the Tigu nineteenth century Egyptian fort, the St Maryam Dearit chapel, lying in a baobab tree, the 1930s former railway station, the old mosque, Said Bakri Mausoleum, British Army and Italian Army cemeteries and local markets. The nearby sixth century Debre Sina monastery is known for its cave dwellings.
Agordat
Agordat was the former capital of the now defunct Barka Province of Eritrea (divided between present day Gash-Barka and Anseba regions). It lies in the west of the country on the Barka River. An important market town, it is home to a large mosque. This town was the last major town along the Eritrean Railway to Massawa through Asmara. The line continued on through to Bishia its terminus. The local economy is reliant on passing traders moving between Asmara and Kessela in the Sudan.
Dekemhare
Dekemhare is a town in Eritrea, lying south east of Asmara. Developed by the Italians as an industrial centre, it became known for its vineyards but was largely destroyed in the Eritrean War of Independence.
Mendefera
Mendefera is a town in Eritrea. It was an important town of the Aksumite civilisation, but originated as early as the fifth century BC. Numerous buildings have been excavated since 1959, with both crosses and local and Roman coins found. Many areas, including tombs, remain to be investigated
Currency
Nakfa (ERN)
Language
Tigrinya
Area
117600 km2
Population
4401009
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